Overview
The electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart and is central to cardiovascular assessment.
A structured interpretation reduces the risk of overlooking significant abnormalities.
Rate & Rhythm
Begin by determining the ventricular rate and rhythm. Assess whether the rhythm is regular or irregular and identify P waves and their relationship to the QRS complexes.
Intervals & Axis
Assess the PR interval, QRS duration, and QT interval. The cardiac axis provides additional information about conduction and structural abnormalities.
A systematic ECG sequence is more reliable than looking only for one abnormality.
ST-T Changes
ST-segment and T-wave abnormalities may indicate myocardial ischemia, ventricular strain, electrolyte disturbances, or other pathology.
ECG findings should always be interpreted in the clinical context.
Clinical Pearls
Use one sequence every time: rate → rhythm → axis → intervals → QRS → ST/T → overall clinical interpretation.
END OF REVIEW
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